The aim of this paper was to explore the construct of calibration of sport performance in sport and physical education settings. First, the term calibration was defined, conceptualized, and distinguished from other related constructs while the various types of calibration and the levels that they work were presented. The peculiarities of calibration of sport performance were highlighted and theoretical approaches aiming to explain calibration and measurement issues were provided. Then, empirical evidence from calibration research in sport and physical education were critically reviewed. Finally, four areas for expanding calibration research in sport and physical education settings were suggested and specific research directions were discussed.